前些时候谈过《具副词功能的现在分词短语》，并举出意义不同的例句，说明其用途。

这里要举出另外一些例子，以证明“连词+现在分词短语”也可作副词，修饰谓语动词。

我们可以从五方面探讨这问题。

⒈和“When, while, before, after, since”等连用，表示“ 时间”，例如：

● He scanned the newspaper while having breakfast.

● Some students stammered when speaking in front of the teacher.

● Wash your hands before eating your meals.

● Return the book to me after reading it.

● I have lost contact with Robi since leaving university.

⒉和“thus, thereby”连用，表示“结果”，例如：

● All the necessary details are included, thus eliminating needless further correspondence.

● John did not come along, thereby making it necessary for us to get someone else to replace him.

⒊和“though, although”连用，表示“让步”，例如：

● Though working day and night, the gambler still could not make enough money to pay off his debts.

● Although answering all the questions in the test, Xiaogai did not get a good grade.

⒋和“even if, even though”连用，表示“条件”，例如：

● Even if still functioning, the old machine would be of no great value.

● Even though raining, we had to launch the campaign as planned.

⒌和“as if, as though”连用，表示“比较”，例如：

● The man walked hurriedly, but suddenly stopped, as if remembering something.

● Helen sat down in a quiet corner, as though waiting for someone to come.

就一般情况说，现在分词短语作副词用途时，它的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语。但是如果分词短语的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，它便要有自己的主语而形成独立结构(an absolute construction)，即：“主语+现在分词短语”。例如：

● He stared at the approaching girl, his eyes widening.

● All the participants having arrived, the chairman declared the meeting open.

必要时，现在分词短语也可以和“with,without”等连用。例如：

● With their breath running out, some weaker athletes had to stop playing.

● In a quiet place like that, the villagers generally do as they wish, without anybody trying to bother about them.